>> today's presenter is adam mayer. he's oneof the three founders along with zach hoeken and bre pettis of makerbot industries, andthey're attempting to take 3d fabrication technology and put it in the hands of thehobbyist. so, without further ado, adam mayer, one of the three founders.>> mayer: thanks. we've actually been at maker for the past two days. and we've probablytalked to a couple of thousand people over
abstract of 3d printing technology, the course of the weekend. so, i'm going totry to speak naturally without my voice giving out. so i'm adam mayer. this is zach hoekenright here. and bre pettis unfortunately can't be here today but the three of us are thejuggernaut of the 3d printing industry known as makerbot industries. and the primary thingwe make right now is this wonderful device,
makerbot. you'll see one on the table rightthere illuminated with red leds and looking quite nice. so makerbots are machines formaking things. right now, you'll see this one here is equipped with a little, what wecall plastruder, a small device for extruding various plastics, abs, pulee, et cetera. andright now, it's configured as a 3d printer. this is its primary use right now but ideally,the cupcake which is actually what this particular model of makerbots is called can be used forany kind of a 3d positioning task. we used to use it--we have a frostruder. bre actuallycreated a tool head that extrude frostings so it can decorate cupcakes which is how itgot its name. they're portable. i'm not sure if you guys have seen 3d printers that otherprojects create but they tend to be huge,
they tend to be very heavy and we can fitthis in a pelican case and move it around. we actually brought three out here to sanmateo the other day. one of them is currently en route back to new york. another one issomewhere in san francisco. and this one's here. so let me kind of explain what we'retrying to do with makerbot. right now, as i point out, the current crop of devices areextremely heavy. they're extremely expensive. the dimension printers, you're talking about$20,000 to $40,000 to $60,000 per machine. and you're not going to have one in your home.you're not going to get one and put it in the garage and start printing out things whenyou need things. what we would like to see is a future where everyone can have one ofthese. i mean the future was supposed to be
very different. we're supposed to have funin cars. we're supposed to have space colonies orbiting the moon. we're supposed to havejetpacks. we were supposed to have replicators that can give us anything we wanted wheneverwe wanted it. and so we got the last one is basically what i'm saying or at least we'reworking on it. makerbot is, as i point out, before zach, bre pettis is there second toright, that's me. i think this is either just before or just after eliminator. and the gentlemanright there, you'll see second from left is adrian bowyer. he's the founder of reprapproject. has anyone here heard for reprap? a few. okay. reprap was--is a similar projectwith the express goal of creating a 3d printer that anyone could build that could actuallycreate its own parts. this is a child project
of the reprap. the reprap looks like this.it's not terribly transportable but it does work. this design is actually based on reprap.zach has been working under the aegis of the reprap foundation for several years developingthe circuit boards and extruder design for this project. and the boards you'll see onthis machine, you'll see they actually say, you know, reprap mother board, reprap control.these are actually works that we share with the reprap project. likewise, the extrudercan be used on reprap machines and we can use reprap tool heads as well. the problemwith reprap is it's a little large, it's a little wieldy, and it's not exactly the sortof thing you can--you can put together yourself too easily and it takes a lot of tweaking.so, we decide we'll try to make that a little
bit simpler. these are the first two prototypes.from left to right, the one on the left is actually the first prototype ever. we sortof heard of that one as eve and we went to right--on the right is--it's not exactly theproduction makerbot you see here but it is a slightly later version. so as you can seewe sort of flipped the design. if you go back to the reprap, you'll see it moves the toolhead on the xy carriage and then raises that platform in the bomb. that's the build platformthat the object we're printing sits on and it raises the lower side object. the problemwith doing that is that the tool head is usually pretty heavy. it's a few pounds. and it'salso, probably, the most delicate part of the machine. and what you're doing is you'reshaking it around a lot. moving it around
and you're producing an object that usuallyweighs a few ounces. so one of the things we did is we sort of inverted the design.if you look inside the makerbot there, you'll see there's actually an xy table that moveson the bottom and the tool head is mounted on the z platform that goes and up down. sothe prototype on the left, i think we finished, was in early march or late february. and bretook it down to southwest to demo it. and he took it around and he showed this to abunch of people and everyone loved it. and they're asking questions all the time like,you know, "what's the build area?" he says, "i don't know, 10 centimeters by 10 centimeters."and we come back--he comes back and then we measure it and it was not quite 10 centimeterssquare which is why the makerbot on the right
is significantly larger than the makerboton the left. we need to expand the build area there. other changes that happened betweengenerations, it's really difficult to see in this picture but, originally the y stagemotor is actually mounted sideways essentially on the x stage and that meant that the wholex stage was torqued slightly. it was a little over built so we moved the steppers aroundand the design on the right is actually pretty close to what we have now. so, it's an opensourced design. all of our hardware is open sourced; all the software is open sourced.you can just go right now and we have several resources that we'll show you towards theend. we can actually go and just download our designs and start playing. you don't necessarilyneed to get a kit from us. we recommend it
because getting all the parts together isa tremendous pain. but you can make modifications to your heart's content. if you got a laserprinter, you can cut a lot of parts yourself. [indistinct] from metallab has been [indistinct]he did his own version of the outer casing here where he put teeth in all the apertures.apparently, did warn people away from reaching and grabbing the objects you printed or maybeit's a trap. he'd like print out precious figurines, you know, a precious moments figurineand it would bite your arm off or someone would try to get it. so, the great thing aboutthat is people are going to do things with this that we can't imagine. people ask us"well, why would i need one of this?" and we can think of a few stock answers also.i'll actually show you a few of the stock
answers in a minute. but the other side ofthat is that the best answer we can come up with is we don't know. we're just trying toget this into the people's hands. you could go back in time to 1976 and try to explainto steve wozniak what fortran is but it wouldn't work. he wouldn't know what the heck you'retalking about or why what he was working on was going to in some way lead to that.>> we don't need fortran. >> mayer: we don't need fortran but it happensanyway. so we don't know the consequence of this. we just know there are a lot of thingsthat we don't need coming out of this project or in fact we've seen a lot of them already.>> [indistinct] is asking steve wozniak what his [indistinct]>> mayer: that's okay. that's probably--yes,
that's a better analogy, a more--a more recentanalogy. but then you can probably explain that to him, you know, within an afternoonand completely blowing his mind so. anyway, like we say, it is hackable out of the boxand this is mostly just a crazy paint job but you can put whatever tool head you wantin there. and people have already started doing things like trying to mount millingheads on their mobile phone. we haven't done that yet ourselves because i don't think thexy can really provide enough force for any serious milling metal which some people haveasked if they can do. but let me show you some of the things that people have been doingto this. way before there was a makerbot, zach and bre set up a site called thingiverse.and thingiverse is basically a site where
people can share digital designs. so if youcreate, you know--yesterday, at maker faire, bre lift up a little coin that we could printquickly and give away at the show. and so he uploaded the thingiverse so other peoplecan build them. and we actually have a fairly large community of people now just makingthings and making copies of things and some of them are fantastic. like this is--philiphas also been in town for the past month created a script for generating lego bricks. knowingfrom early printing in abs which is the same thing that lego bricks are make of so thatenabled him to actually print out lego bricks. and these--you actually see them interoperatingwith official lego brand bricks in this shot here. and he actually wrote this--he wrotea print price molding plugged into the heart
evolution. has anyone used aoi at all? it'snot certainly a terribly popular [indistinct] but it is--it is open sourced. here's undersomething he generated with that. this is--actually, i think zach has one in his pocket here. theseare little bit screwball boxes. these will be very difficult to actually mill or createyour traditional manufacturing technique. you don't know where it is. oh, no, i thinkyou're saving it. but we can print one out later, it's okay.but these are basically two parts that screw into each other. it's a little--it's a littlejewelry box essentially and you can hide things inside. and they're fun for numbers and alsokind of showcases the precision of the makerbot itself. these things, you can actually printout the different halves and trip machines
and they'll fit together nicely. unless they're,of course, as we did one day we had one vs as temperatures reversed and so had the wrongtrilogy and that was kind of embarrassing. but the things i love most are the banal things.bre and zach were actually giving a talk a few weeks ago. where exactly was it?>> mit at boston. >> mayer: i think, yeah, mit. and they forgotthe tweezers. we use tweezers when we have this extruding [indistinct] plastic to makesure it's running before you actually print an object. and we have tweezers so we canreach in and collect minimal screws and then not burn our fingers. and well if you movethe tweezers behind the best thing to do is to print out new tweezers which is what wedid here. zach has actually made this design
as to review another design that someone elsehad made earlier and uploaded. so, because someone uploaded their tweezers to thingiverse,we could download their tweezers, make the changes we needed, print out the tweezersand use the tweezers. here's another one someone just started making a set of lens caps fortheir telescopes. because something you tend to loose easily. and you don't actually wantto mail order one or wait to go to the hardware store. okay. you print one out. and here'smy personal favorite right now is bath plug. someone actually created a bath plug. theyrendered it and, you know in blender sketch or whatever. they print it out and they tooka bath. so, we've contributed to making, you know cleaner nerds. yes, which is i thinknothing--no open--no other source project
has done that yet, sort of--sort of movinginto new ground here. >> you can print a teapot here.>> mayer: a friend of mine has been asking for a utah teapot for a very long time actuallybut he didn't get to it. one of the few limitations we have right now is we don't have the supportmaterial tutors so doing overhangs is still difficult because we have to use as a supportmeasure on the signature that we are printing. all right. is that--all right. but back to--backto the slide show. so let me talk a bit more about what exactly this machine can do andwhat it's capable of. the build area is about 10 centimeters to a side on the x and y axis.it's actually slightly larger in the z axis. so, you can see actually one of the nice thingsabout it is the extruder can actually rise
out of top of the box there. so, you can movethat platform almost all the way up to top. you get it close to 13 centimeters. i thinkthis particular model is 13 centimeters. it will come to [indistinct] going on for thetallest build that people have done yet don't act with the--with the makerbot. it's reallyeasy to move. we have a pelican case for each of our demo machines right now. so, we tossit in here at the end of the day. you got the tsa [indistinct] out so don't destroyit. and as we discovered on the way here they destroy one of them anyway and but you don'tactually see how much it weighs there. it's about 42 pounds in the case; it's about 28pounds without but their friendly security. one of the disadvantages that the reprap hadas you saw it was a mass of treaded rod, corner
brackets, nuts, bolts, delicate componentssticking on top. if you lower the stage there that thing's just impact the box and it'snot actually indestructible but it's pretty easy to get around without blowing it up,melting it down, breaking in half. and yes, and it looks great. you can fill it with ledsand just have it staying there at night on your desk and people walk by and say, "mygod, someone really cool sits there." and they'll be right because even if you're notcool, you can print out something that will make you cool. and with this thing there'splenty of designs that will make you cool. this is our, sort of, warehouse space in brooklyn.we share it with a couple of other businesses right now but all these are lovingly packedmy hand. and used to be we packed them with
care, now we pack them care and a lot of shippingtape because we've discovered that usps is not the most reliable service in the worldwhen it comes to respecting fragile labels on the side of your box. we actually had alot of busted bits showing up in the first batch. and this is actually the, what we callthe kit of kits. this is what we ship with the--parts we shipped with our first generationof makerbots. you can see here, this is--this is an obsolete picture because these--buthere are what we call our pulley kit. we used to assemble pulleys out of several areas ofwood and those were just our tension pulleys for keeping the belts tight. if you look thismachine and those on top two sort of strange looking semi-translucent plastic knobs, thoseare actually--we printed those out of pla,
those are the new pulleys. we actually nowprint the pulleys that we ship for the machine on the machine. it turns out it's faster,it's easier, they're less parts to lose. and the parts of the pulleys tend to break andthe abs that we printed out now doesn't. let me actually go through this a real quick toshow you what we're talking up here. this is--these are laser parts for the outer case.these are build platforms and these are also becoming obsolete. one of the tricks withextruding abs is that abs is supposed to stick to itself and it hates stick to anything else.so, what we used to do is ship with a bunch of these film cord plates that we cut outand there's a thin plaster layer on top of that from the cord that the abs would sticktoo quick reliably. and then it would print
out the object on top. and you didn't haveto worry about the object shifting around during the prints or peeling itself off. thepromise that [indistinct] print out once or twice on these build bases before you haveto flip it over the other side. we've lately actually discovered that if you enter theproduct well enough it will stick you from better to that and you can reuse that. we'vereused the ones we have here probably a good hundred times easily. this is the electronicskit. again it's a bag full of bags. each of those bags represents one of the ports onthe side of that thing. right now as you'll see we're going to show you how we put theseports together, or rather you put those ports together. in the future those ports will haveto come preassembled. so, that is going to
be simplified as well. we've got our powersupply. sort of an atx power supply. the one we shipped out here did not stand up too wellto the graces of usps but any atx power supply will do. we've got our small bits bag. thisis the xy stage laser cut parts. this bag here is the plastruder, the plastic [indistinct]you see on top there. a few cables. this is what we call the hardware burrito. there arehundreds and hundreds of bolts in this thing. and so we make a little kit of all those,and the rods that support the xy bearings and also the thread around that bits and lowersthe z. we used these bots to hold it--hold this together. it turns out if you originallywere going to start making this out of acrylic. the acrylic looks great. it's pretty easyto cut. it's very reliable. and the problem
with acrylic is that it tends to--as zachputs it it's a binary fill. if you tighten the acrylic part--knot an acrylic part toomuch it's going to crack and you've got a broken part and you're kind of screwed. woodconforms, wood bends, wood warps. and because we're using wood we could use these simplet slots to actually make a really strong connection on the corners of the slots over there onthe other side of the bolt to keep the part in place. we slide the knot in, get the balldown, tend it down and it locks in pretty easily. and those are really easy to put together.well, relatively not easy to put together, so. most of the bulk of this goes togetherpretty quickly. the boards are primarily surface mouth boards. we ship them as kits and peoplefreak out when they see a hundred surface
parts. it turns out soldering; sorting outparts is extraordinarily easy. you put down solder paste, you put the pieces on top ofthem and you throw them on the hot plate. you hit them up carefully. you don't burnthe board and you're pretty much okay. the trickiest part for us has been these capacitorshere because they tend to conduct heat away from the board and you need to keep the heatapplied for a longer period to get the solder onto those to finally melt and pop. we areactually moving towards replacing the surface mount caps, the big ones, with through holecaps just because they're easier to get soldered but, everything else here is actually prettysimple. and the biggest--the other big issue of course is ship caps which people tend toconfuse with another. and did you ever know
the trick for this one, two chip capacitorsapart if you've got them mixed up? you throw them away, yeah, but--yeah, exactly you tossthem and you toss them and you order new ones from [indistinct] and that's basically yoursolution. that works unfortunately all too well for us. we ship makerbots pretty muchall over, canada, much of the u.s., austria. i think and austria should be in here somewhere.>> it's in [indistinct]? >> mayer: okay. it's on old map. this if beforewe shipped to austria, to0 spain, france, australia, we have a few orders in japan,and these things are really getting all over the place. we're starting develop--we needpeople who are corresponding about makerbots. how to work out kinks they've run into. youknow, what sort of designs they've come up
with, what they've been using it for. andit's very handy for us because it means a lot of issues before we even--they even getto us. they send out emails to the makerbots operator's list and someone else says, "oh,i had that problem here. here's how i fixed it?" so, they're a really wonderful committeeof people. so, let's talk a bit about the materials we've been using in plastruder.our primary material has been a way abs plastic. like, i say, that's what legos are made outof. if you step on lego, you know that it's strong, it's hard, and it's pretty difficultto destroy something you've been printing out of abs. these are i guess, these are stanfordbunnies here. again, the overhangs and the ears came out a little fuzzier than they usuallydo for most bunnies. but, you know, so these
are early prints that adrian and another parameterizebox. we've played with hdpe for a while. it's a little oozy, it doesn't cool quite as quicklyand so it's been a little more difficult to print with. we haven't spent too much timewith it. pla is a lovely one. adrian bowyer in that picture you saw earlier he--i'm notsure if he came by with a big old roll of pla and said, "you guys have got to play withthis. it great, you know, it melts easily. it's tough, it's biodegradable and it smellslike butter when you heat it up." which is true and amazing, it's much better [indistinct]than abs. the appeal is great. it's got a slightly lower temperature melting point thanabs. and it is--people like to say it's biodegradable. you actually need to put it in an acidic environmentand heat it up a bit for it to really biodegrade
but in theory it's a little friendlier tothe environment. it's also completely biocompatible which is nice. they use this in--for makingscaffoldings for growing cells on. and we have black abs. it has all the propertiesof abs but it's a different color. and we've just got a bunch of this and it's super funbecause now when you print out a darth vader head people actually recognize it as darthvader head rather than, you know, some sort of strange robot thing. abs actually do manufacturein a range of colors but we get this directly form a manufacturer and we need to order afair amount, you know, before they'll start doing custom colors here. but we hope to havethat read sometime for at least here because it's important that we have i think red, purple,and green are the ones you're looking for?
they're the ones i'm looking for. pink. andwe want pink. all right. so, let me walk you through the process of actually printing somethingout of the makerbot here. and is that the actual one like in parallel? start the printmaybe in any minute? >> let's wait.>> mayer: okay. let's wait for it to get there. all right. so, you create a model in a 3dprogram in each of these. you guys will probably use sketchup because you have vested interest.but i tend to use blender because it an open source program and since all our hardwareand software's open source it really adds to the argument that we have in the tool chainand open source 3d modeler. or you can use anything that exports stl, which is basicallyanything nowadays. are there illusion express
stls, solidworks obviously, blenders, sketchup.i can't really think of any 3d programs that don't. it's pretty much the standard for certainlya lot of the [indistinct] files are currently standard for exporting 3d objects to printersnowadays. so we do then is pass it through a path transcript called kings forge. whatthe kings forge does is it takes that model and it slices it into thin layers or layerheight and comes up with a tool path. essentially it's going to figure out where exactly it'sgoing to move the build base as it starts extruding plastic. and you can see these--whenit's done it actually gives you a nice preview here and you can see the arrows tracing outthe path that the tool head is going to use. the colors actually are red, since the speedis going to move the tool head as it does
the layer. so, this is a full layer of themodel you just saw. what this actually outputs is g code. people know g code? familiar withit, heard of it? all right, g code is a very old--it's hardly even a standard really. it'sjust sort of a de facto standard default over the years but it's used for a--by almost allcnc machines. and essentially you'll see an example within a second it's not terriblyverbose but it does work. but essentially it's full of [indistinct] command [indistinct]here in g1 commands that essentially say, move the--move the three axis control to thispoint, now this point, now this point, now this point. to actually do that interactivelyfrom the machine would, you know, be a little--if you--so we actually have as a big point bufferinside the firmware on the motherboard over
there. and that buffer gets loaded up andthe machine then just pulls up the buffer and we keep the buffer full and we hope wedon't run into a snag, it doesn't jump or stop when your host computer has some trouble.so, we don't actually parse the g code nowadays directly on this board. what we do insteadis we pass it to a program called replicatorg. replicatorg essentially reads on the g code,interprets it and talks to the driver that's actually on that chip over a standard serialconnection. you'll see the cables we use to get the data to the machine, these are standardftti chips. they're just standard serial connections over a usb line. has anyone here start thewindow environmental? a couple of people. okay. that's the same cable used to programor doing that. in fact the chips that on our
motherboard is a--it's actually a sanguino,which is an arduino derivative that zach developed primarily i think for this. and sanguino wasessentially a slightly better chip, i think 644 and more memory, more pins but it's alsobit of a pain to maintain. the arduino people now can start using even more pins--put morepins and they're selling as the mega arduino. and we're probably going to transition tothat at some point. the point is that we actually upgrade the firmware and they're--you're doingit through the arduino environment. and all the actual firmware for the motherboard iswritten in the arduino environment. so, you can just use that same cable to upload a newfirmware to your machine. so, replicatorg has service smorgasbord of select features.it's got a control panel that will allow you
to manually control things, test things out.before we get started we usually, let's just, you know, raise things up, move down in z,you have the x axis. make sure everything's working, especially when we take it out ofthe box after moving it. and you can also control the temperature of the extruder here.we like to--first thing we usually do actually is crank up the temperature, abs, we liketo extrude usually about between 210 and 220 degrees celsius. so, crank up the temperature,wait for it to heat up and then start the extruder. make sure that udall classic isworking out well. and then when you're done you just hit the build button and you canactually build an object. and then you have a watch which you've always wanted. that doesn'tactually tell time. but you wanted it anyway
for a long time because it makes you cool.so, actually do you want to do a build real quick? let's do a build. we don't want todo a build. you do? oh fine. okay. we're almost done with this part though. so, we do sellthe whole kit, basically everything you see there to assemble that is 750 bucks. and ifyou have any kind of shop tools or electronic tools you can usually put it together by yourselfbut we sell a deluxe kit that also includes all the tools you might need to put it together.the [indistinct] wrenches, the solder paste, and we have a really cool led lit visor withmagnifying lenses in it so you can actually see what the heck you're doing, lots of plastic.and we also have started selling them fully assembled for a ridiculous--what we see asa ridiculous price but the people currently
don't think it is that ridiculous. and thatsort of covers the--the effort involved in putting one together. so, you can maybe dosome math and try to figure out how much time is involved and then whether it's worth yourtime. but we're at makerbot.com and there's another address that's not here and that's--that'sthe other one that we were earlier. that's thingiverse.com. makerbot.com is our storeand our link store wiki which has full documentation on how to put this thing together, links toall, you know, the files to actually bring the firmware et cetera. thingiverse is a canadiansite that has all the objects that you're going to print out that will make you cool.so, and we have flyers up front that have both those addresses on there. and i thinknow, i think we'd like to actually do a print.
>> yeah.>> mayer: so, we have some time. so, zach here is going to fire up a print for us? whatare we printing? we do a box. could you have one right now? so, zach is saving windowsat twisted screw of a boxes taking to his grandma when he was in [indistinct] this weekand i think you lost it. so, we're going to have to print out another one. so, this isa catch for me but i will be making someone's grandma happy. which again i don't think weshould start research projects that aren't really done yet. so it's--right now it's raisingup the build--the extruder. and what it's going to do now is it's going to wait a fewseconds and then heat up the nozzle. there's a little thermometer on the tip of the nozzlethat monitors the temperature of the nozzle.
once again set it to 220 degrees, they'llstart turning on the extruder, which will start basically turning a gear of hinges,the abs courses through that nozzle. and once it does, it will do the five seconds extrusionand little noodle of plastic will appear. and this time we remove the tweezers so wedon't have to print them out. this is always the tensest moment. please work. actuallythe real tensest moment doesn't usually come in after we do the test extrusion on top ofthat in a second. >> and can i ask you a question?>> mayer: oh, yeah. sure, start asking. >> is there a difference in the speed at whichwe can extrude different materials? >> mayer: that's a really good question.>> can you repeat the question for...
>> mayer: oh, sorry. the question was is therea difference in the speed at which we can extrude different materials? and the answeri have for you is that we haven't really experimented too much. primarily we know working with plaat very similar parameters who what we've been extruding abs with; my initial answerwould be possibly yes. but... >> [indistinct]>> mayer: yeah. it is the [indistinct] that's going to--okay, so this actually the realtensest moment here. like, i say abs really likes to stick to itself rather than anythingelse. and so the first thing we do is we lay it on a raft of abs, which is a rectangularabs that we put directly down under the build base as close to the actual base as we can.and so, sometimes we have to adjust the height
a little bit to make sure we got it at thecorrect thickness. so, that looks like this one's going really low and after it printsout this, which is these horizontal lines which will--actually base will. it's goingto print us a very thin vertical lines. and you do that by moving the head very quicklywhich will stretch out the extrusion and give you a thinner line. and the reason we do thatis because we want to be able to remove the build base once you've actually created yourobject. and so by creating those little thin stripes you can probably easily peel thatbuild base off. so yeah, like zach says it's dependent on the full weight of the materialand we have not done that much experimentation where the--we've--oh, this is also our loudestmachine. i have to warn you. the new ones
we're starting to use new stepper chips, stepperdriver chips that do micro stepping and those are actually much harder. the primary noiseyou're hearing right now is most likely the rods rattling around because these are alsonot the smoother rods. but the machines are actually getting quieter as time that goeson. and if you want, just come up here and you can watch. okay, sorry. question?>> so, how about different tests? you have basically got a 3d cnc platform there; cani mount something other than the extruder? >> mayer: the only other extruder we've doneso far is the frosting extruder. which we've in decorating cupcakes which will get youfree [indistinct] bars at least. but--yeah, again we don't know what people are goingto do this. some people already there's [indistinct]
in fact [indistinct] find that in the [indistinct]but somebody just recently started designing a mount for [indistinct] tool to sit on thatplatform. and i don't know if they've tested it out yet. but, what you're hearing rightnow, that zzt, zzt, it's doing straight line motion because what's just [indistinct] onthe outline of the bottom of that box and now it's doing the in fill where it's actuallyfeeling in the bottom of that box to form a solid base. well it's not really in fillinfos that we do between solid layers but it's doing--it's building the base. and afteryou work with these things for enough you can actually sort of recognize what they'reprinting by the sound. so this is a--yeah, this is one of our more prolific contributorsand he's actually designed the base that we
can use. they can bolt on to the space therethat will hold the dremel tool. so, presumably he's going to try to start milling with thatonce he gets it up and running. we have about 1/10th of a millimeter here on x and the yaxis. and the z axis is probably around--actually it's better than that. but the real limitationof the z axis is the layer height. we usually use about .2 millimeters of plastic per layer.you could try to get a thinner layer height which can move the head faster and that wouldstretch out the extrusion. you need to have a thinner layer but your prints would alsostart taking longer and longer, so. do people want to watch this? because it's kind of coolto actually watch. sorry, go ahead. so, there is tweaking when you're initially playingwith this. you need to essentially set up,
tweak the parameters until you get a goodbuild. so, this is [indistinct] we are looking
for patterns of people [indistinct], rightand particularly as to that. [indistinct]. and it's more characteristic.>> and not everybody else. >> you, it's okay.>> mayer: the tool change. and [indistinct] lately i'm going to start till it createsnew ports [indistinct].
